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This book explains and illustrates the rules that are given in the Eurocodes for designing steel structures subjected to fire.
This book explains and illustrates the rules that are given in the Eurocodes for designing steel structures subjected to fire. After the first introductory chapter, Chapter 2 explains how to calculate the mechanical actions (loads) in the fire situation based on the information given in EN 1990 and EN 1991. Chapter 3 is dedicated to the models which represent the thermal actions created by the fire. Chapter 4 describes the procedures to be used to calculate the temperature of the steelwork from the temperature of the compartment and Chapter 5 shows how the information given in EN 1993-1-2 is used to determine the load bearing capacity of the steel structure. Chapter 6 presents the essential features that characterize the advanced calculation models, for thermal and mechanical response. The methods used to evaluate the fire resistance of bolted and welded connections are described in Chapter 7. Chapter 8 describes a computer program called `Elefir-EN? which is based on the simple calculation model given in the Eurocode and allows designers to quickly and accurately calculate the performance of steel components in the fire situation. Chapter 9 looks at the issues that a designer may be faced with when assessing the fire resistance of a complete building. This is done via a case study and addresses most of the concepts presented in the previous chapters.
For this second edition the content has been revised and extended. The book contains some new sections, e.g. a compari
INCLUDES A LICENCE OF THE SOTWARE ELEFIR-EN
Table of Contents
Preface
Notations
Chapter 1 Introduction
Relations between different Eurocodes
Scope of EN 1993-1-2
Layout of the book
Chapter 2 Mechanical Loading
General
General rule
Simplication 1
Simplication 2
Simplication 3
Examples
Indirect actions
Chapter 3 Therman Action
General
Nominal temperature-time curves
Parametric temperature-tine curves
Zone models
CFD models
Localised fires
External members
Chapter 4 Temperature in steel Sections
Introduction
The heat conduction equation and its boundary conditions
Advanced calculation model. Finite element solution of the heat conduction equation
Temperature field using the finite element method
Section factor
Temperature of unprotected steelwork exposed to fire
Temperature of protected steelwork exposed to fire
Internal steelwork in a void protected by heat screens
External steelwork
General principles
Example
View factors in the concave part of a steel profile
Temperature in steel members subjected to localised fires
Unprotected steel members
Protected steel members
Thermal response of steel members in case of multiple localised fires
Multiple localised fires due to simultaneously burning cars an example of a car park
Characterization of the fire and definition of the fire scenarios
Temperature in stainless steel members
Example
Chapter 5 Mechanical Analysis
Basic principles
Mechanical properties of carbon steel
Classification of cross sections
Cross section under combined bending and axial.compression at normal temperature
First methodology for Class 1 and Class cross sections
Second methodology for the case of Class 1 and Class 2 cross section
First methodology for Class 3 and Class cross sections
Advantafes and disadvantages of the two presented methodologies
Cross section under combined bending and tension at normal temperature
Classification under fire conditions
Effective cross section
Fire resistance of structural members
General
Members with class 4 cross section
Tension members
Compression members
Shear resistance
Laterally restainded beams
Uniform temperature distribution
Non-uniform temperature distribution
Bending and shear
Laterally unrestrained beams
The elastic critical moment for lateral-torsional buckling
Resistance to lateral-torsional buckling
Members subjected to combined bending and axial compression
Some verifications of the fire resistance no covered by EN 1993-1-2.
Shear buckling resistance for web without intermediate stiffeners
Cross section verification of a member subjected to combined bending and axial force( compresion or tension )
Class 1 and 2 rectangular solid sections
Class 1 and 2 doubly symmetric I and H sections
Class 3 doubly symmetric I and H sections
Class 4 cross sections
Bending,shear and axial force
Design in the temperature domain critical temperature
Design of continuous beams
General
Continuous beams at room temperature
Continuous beams unfer fire conditions
Fire resistance of structural stainless steell members
Design examples
Chapter 6 Advances calculations models
General
Thermal response model
Mechanical response model
Some comparisons between the simple and the advanced calculation models
Shadow factor
Buckling curves
Factor K2
Factor K1
Chapter 7 Joints
General
Strength of bolts and welds at elevated temperature
Temperature of joints in fire
Bolted connections
Design fire resistance of bolts in shear
Category A Bearing type
Category B ( Slip resistance at serviceability ) and Category C ( Slip resistance at ultimate state )
Design fire resistance of bolts in tension
Category D and E Non-preloaded and preloaded bolts
Design fire resistance of welds
Butt welds
Fille welds
Design examples
Chapter 8 The computer program elefir-en
General
Brief description of the program
Available thermanl calculations
Available mechanical calculations
Default constants used in the program
Design example
Chapter 9 Case Study
Description of the case study
Fire resistance under standard fire
Thermal calculations
Structural calculation
Loading
Fire resistance by the simple calculation model
Fire resistance by the general calculation model
Fire resistance under natural fire
Temperature development in the compartment
References
Annex A Thermal data for carbon steel and stainless steel section
Thermal properties of carbon steel
Specific heat
Thermal conductivity
Thermal elongation
Section factor Am / V ( m-1) for unprotected steel members
Section factor Ap / V ( m-1) for unprotected steel members
Tables and monograms for evaluating the temperature in unprotected steel members subjected to the standard fire curve ISO 834
Tables and monograms for evaluating the temperature in protected steel members subjected to the standard fire curve ISO 834
Thermal properties of some fire protection materials
Thermal properties of stainless steel
Specific heat
Thermal conductivity
Thermal elongation
Tables and monograms for evaluating the temperature in unprotected stainless steel members subjected to the standard fire curve ISO 834
Thermal properties of some fire compartment lining materials
Annex B Input data for natural fire models
Introduction
Fire load density
Rate of heat release density
Ventilation control
Flash-over
Annex C Mechanical properties of carbon steel and Stainless Steel
Mechanical properties of carbon steel
Mechanical properties of carbon steel at room temperature ( 20ºC)
Stress-strain relationship for carbon steel at elevated temperatures ( without strain-hardening )
Stress-strain relationship for carbon steel at elevated temperatures ( wth strain-hardening )
Mechanical properties of stainless steel
Annex D Tables for section classification and effective width evaluation
Annex E Section factors of European hot rolled IPE and HE profiles
Annex F Cross sectional classification of the European hot rolled IPE and HE profiles
Cross sectional classification for pure compresion and pure bending
Cross sectional classification for combined compresion and bending momentson between the simple and the advanced calculation, as well as additional examples.
